Void elements and character entities

Model answer. Void elements cannot have content or a closing tag, because they represent a single thing:

<br>, <hr>, <img>, <input>, <meta>, <link>, <source>, <track>, <area>, <col>, <embed>, <wbr>, <base>.

In HTML5 the trailing slash (<br />) is optional and has no effect; JSX does require it. Writing </br> or putting text inside <img>…</img> is invalid.

Character entities represent characters that would otherwise be read as markup, or that are hard to type:

• < for < and > for >
• & for &
• " and ' for quotes inside attribute values
•   for a non-breaking space (keeps "₹ 5,000" or "10 km" together)
• numeric forms such as ₹ for ₹, or © for ©

<p>Use the &lt;main&gt; element once per page. Fees &amp; scholarships.</p>

You must escape < and & in text content and quotes inside attributes. With <meta charset="utf-8">, you can type most other characters (₹, é, emoji) directly.